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Frances Sarnat Hugle (August 13, 1927 – May 24, 1968) was an American scientist, engineer, and inventor who contributed to the understanding of semiconductors, integrated circuitry, and the unique electrical principles of microscopic materials. She also invented techniques, processes, and equipment for practical (high volume) fabrication of microscopic circuitry, integrated circuits, and microprocessors which are still in use today. In 1962, Hugle co-founded Siliconix, one of Silicon Valley's first semiconductor houses. She is the only woman included in the "Semiconductor Family Tree." ==Early life and education== Frances Betty Sarnat (Sarnatzky) was born on August 13, 1927 in Chicago, Illinois, to Nathan Sarnat (Sarnatzky) and Lylian Steinfeld. Sarnat attended Hyde Park High School on Chicago's south side, where she participated in many of the school's science clubs, including the chemistry, physics and biology clubs. In the spring of 1944, just before her graduation, she was selected to represent Hyde Park High in Chicago's Math Contest, in which she took first place. After graduation, Sarnat attended the University of Chicago. In 1946, at the age of eighteen, she was awarded a Bachelor of Philosophy.〔(''About Alumni - Alumni Deaths'' ); University of Chicago Magazine, Volume 96, Number 3; February 2004.〕 It was while studying here that she married fellow student, William B. Hugle, in 1947.〔〔("William Bell Hugle - inventor" ); Hendricks, Tyche; ''SF Gate''; October 17, 2003 obituary article; retrieved 11/04/2012.〕 They founded several R&D companies together. In 1957, the University of Chicago additionally awarded her a Bachelor of Science degree in chemistry based upon the course work she had completed between 1944 and 1947.〔 Hugle's graduate studies in crystallography, including studies in x-ray diffraction techniques, took place at the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn, Brooklyn, NY. In 1960, she received a Master of Science degree from the University of Cincinnati. Hugle also received an honorary doctorate from a Canadian university. In the mid-1960s, she taught at Santa Clara University. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Frances Hugle」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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